∑math20

Probability and statistical mechanics · Result 227

Critical SK autocorrelation processes and dynamics across the temperature transition

8 papersLean

For zero-field Gaussian SK heat-bath dynamics with rate-one updates per spin, proves worst-start cutoff on the \(\log n\) scale for fixed \(0\le\beta\lt 1\), mixing time \(n^{2/3+o(1)}\) at β = 1, and stretched-exponential mixing from a Gibbs-sampled fixed starting configuration for β > 1, in probability over disorder. At criticality, rescaled stationary and quench autocorrelation processes have universal random limits for Gaussian and Rademacher disorder; the quench limit relaxes to the stationary limit.

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Papers 8

First page of Universality of critical quench autocorrelations in the Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model

Universality of critical quench autocorrelations in the Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model

OpenAI · October 5, 2026

We prove joint functional convergence of the stationary and quench autocorrelations of zero-field Sherrington–Kirkpatrick heat-bath dynamics at inverse temperature β = 1, with the same random limit for Gaussian and Rademacher couplings. Each site has a rate-one clock, mean spin autocorrelations are multiplied by n1/3, and waiting times and lags are measured in units n2/3. The quench starts from independent fair spins, and convergence is uniform on compact sets of positive waiting times and lags. The quench limit is selected by these initial states and relaxes to the stationary limiting autocorrelation as the waiting time tends to infinity.

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@misc{OAI:Universality-of-critical-quench-autocorrelations-in-the-Sherrington-Kirkpatrick-model-October-5-2026,
  author = {{OpenAI}},
  title = {{Universality of critical quench autocorrelations in the Sherrington--Kirkpatrick model}},
  howpublished = {OpenAI Math Release preprint
                  \href{https://github.com/openai/math/blob/main/preprints/Universality-of-critical-quench-autocorrelations-in-the-Sherrington-Kirkpatrick-model-October-5-2026/main.pdf}{OAI:Universality-of-critical-quench-autocorrelations-in-the-Sherrington-Kirkpatrick-model-October-5-2026}},
  year = {2026}
}
First page of Functional universality of critical SK autocorrelations

Functional universality of critical SK autocorrelations

OpenAI · October 5, 2026

We prove that the stationary spin autocorrelation of the zero-field Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model at inverse temperature β = 1 has a common functional scaling limit for Gaussian and Rademacher couplings. With rate-one heat-bath clocks at every site, time is scaled by n2/3 and the mean spin autocorrelation is multiplied by n1/3. The functions converge in law uniformly on compact positive-time intervals. Their limiting law is not a point mass: it retains sample-to-sample randomness, and its functions decay to zero at large times.

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@misc{OAI:Functional-universality-of-critical-SK-autocorrelations-October-5-2026,
  author = {{OpenAI}},
  title = {{Functional universality of critical SK autocorrelations}},
  howpublished = {OpenAI Math Release preprint
                  \href{https://github.com/openai/math/blob/main/preprints/Functional-universality-of-critical-SK-autocorrelations-October-5-2026/critical-sk-autocorrelations.pdf}{OAI:Functional-universality-of-critical-SK-autocorrelations-October-5-2026}},
  year = {2026}
}
First page of A spectral gap throughout the high-temperature Sherrington–Kirkpatrick phase

A spectral gap throughout the high-temperature Sherrington–Kirkpatrick phase

OpenAI · September 24, 2026

For every fixed inverse temperature \(0\lt \beta\lt 1\), we prove that the unscaled spectral gap of single-site heat-bath dynamics for the zero-field Gaussian Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model is bounded away from zero with probability tending to one over the disorder. Equivalently, the Gibbs law satisfies a dimension-free Poincaré inequality for all functions.

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@misc{OAI:A-spectral-gap-throughout-the-high-temperature-Sherrington-Kirkpatrick-phase-September-24-2026,
  author = {{OpenAI}},
  title = {{A spectral gap throughout the high-temperature Sherrington--Kirkpatrick phase}},
  howpublished = {OpenAI Math Release preprint
                  \href{https://github.com/openai/math/blob/main/preprints/A-spectral-gap-throughout-the-high-temperature-Sherrington-Kirkpatrick-phase-September-24-2026/main.pdf}{OAI:A-spectral-gap-throughout-the-high-temperature-Sherrington-Kirkpatrick-phase-September-24-2026}},
  year = {2026}
}
First page of Cutoff throughout the high-temperature Sherrington–Kirkpatrick phase

Cutoff throughout the high-temperature Sherrington–Kirkpatrick phase

OpenAI · September 24, 2026

We prove worst-case total-variation cutoff for the zero-field Gaussian Sherrington–Kirkpatrick heat-bath dynamics at every fixed inverse temperature \(0\leq\beta\lt 1\). With rate-one refresh at each spin, the cutoff location is \(\log n/(2\lambda(\beta))\) for a positive deterministic rate \(\lambda(\beta)\). The location for uniformly chosen single-site update attempts is n times as large. Convergence is in probability over the disorder.

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@misc{OAI:Cutoff-throughout-the-high-temperature-Sherrington-Kirkpatrick-phase-September-24-2026,
  author = {{OpenAI}},
  title = {{Cutoff throughout the high-temperature Sherrington--Kirkpatrick phase}},
  howpublished = {OpenAI Math Release preprint
                  \href{https://github.com/openai/math/blob/main/preprints/Cutoff-throughout-the-high-temperature-Sherrington-Kirkpatrick-phase-September-24-2026/paper.pdf}{OAI:Cutoff-throughout-the-high-temperature-Sherrington-Kirkpatrick-phase-September-24-2026}},
  year = {2026}
}
First page of Critical slowing down in the Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model

Critical slowing down in the Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model

OpenAI · September 24, 2026

At the critical inverse temperature β = 1, we prove slow mixing for zero-field Gaussian Sherrington–Kirkpatrick heat-bath dynamics from typical equilibrium configurations held fixed as initial states. For every deterministic sequence \(t_n=o(n^{2/3})\) in rate-one-per-site time, the Gibbs mass of initial states whose time-tn total-variation distance from equilibrium exceeds 1/4 tends to one in probability over the disorder. The same statement holds for every deterministic integer sequence \(k_n=o(n^{5/3})\) of uniform-site update attempts.

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@misc{OAI:Critical-slowing-down-in-the-Sherrington-Kirkpatrick-model-September-24-2026,
  author = {{OpenAI}},
  title = {{Critical slowing down in the Sherrington--Kirkpatrick model}},
  howpublished = {OpenAI Math Release preprint
                  \href{https://github.com/openai/math/blob/main/preprints/Critical-slowing-down-in-the-Sherrington-Kirkpatrick-model-September-24-2026/paper.pdf}{OAI:Critical-slowing-down-in-the-Sherrington-Kirkpatrick-model-September-24-2026}},
  year = {2026}
}
First page of Stretched-exponential barriers for typical SK initial states

Stretched-exponential barriers for typical SK initial states

OpenAI · September 24, 2026

At every fixed inverse temperature β > 1, we prove a stretched-exponential obstruction to mixing for the zero-field Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model from typical equilibrium configurations held fixed as initial states. The Gibbs mass of states whose total-variation distance from equilibrium at time \(\exp(n^{1/10000})\) exceeds 1/4 tends to one in probability over the disorder. This holds for rate-one-per-site heat-bath dynamics and after the same stated number of discrete update attempts.

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@misc{OAI:Stretched-exponential-barriers-for-typical-SK-initial-states-September-24-2026,
  author = {{OpenAI}},
  title = {{Stretched-exponential barriers for typical SK initial states}},
  howpublished = {OpenAI Math Release preprint
                  \href{https://github.com/openai/math/blob/main/preprints/Stretched-exponential-barriers-for-typical-SK-initial-states-September-24-2026/paper.pdf}{OAI:Stretched-exponential-barriers-for-typical-SK-initial-states-September-24-2026}},
  year = {2026}
}
First page of A typical-start upper bound for low-temperature SK Glauber dynamics

A typical-start upper bound for low-temperature SK Glauber dynamics

OpenAI · September 24, 2026

For every fixed inverse temperature β > 1, we prove subexponential mixing for rate-one-per-site heat-bath dynamics in the zero-field Gaussian Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model from a typical equilibrium configuration. If one Gibbs-sampled configuration is held fixed as the initial state, its total-variation distance from equilibrium is at most 1/4 by time \(\exp(n^{1-1/40000000})\), with joint probability tending to one over the disorder and the sampled state.

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@misc{OAI:A-typical-start-upper-bound-for-low-temperature-SK-Glauber-dynamics-September-24-2026,
  author = {{OpenAI}},
  title = {{A typical-start upper bound for low-temperature SK Glauber dynamics}},
  howpublished = {OpenAI Math Release preprint
                  \href{https://github.com/openai/math/blob/main/preprints/A-typical-start-upper-bound-for-low-temperature-SK-Glauber-dynamics-September-24-2026/paper.pdf}{OAI:A-typical-start-upper-bound-for-low-temperature-SK-Glauber-dynamics-September-24-2026}},
  year = {2026}
}
First page of Critical mixing in the Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model

Critical mixing in the Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model

OpenAI · September 25, 2026

At the critical inverse temperature β = 1, we determine the worst-start total-variation mixing exponent for single-site heat-bath dynamics in the zero-field Gaussian Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model. The mixing time is \(n^{2/3+o(1)}\) when every site has rate one, or \(n^{5/3+o(1)}\) attempted uniform-site updates, in probability over the disorder.

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Cite
@misc{OAI:Critical-mixing-in-the-Sherrington-Kirkpatrick-model-September-25-2026,
  author = {{OpenAI}},
  title = {{Critical mixing in the Sherrington--Kirkpatrick model}},
  howpublished = {OpenAI Math Release preprint
                  \href{https://github.com/openai/math/blob/main/preprints/Critical-mixing-in-the-Sherrington-Kirkpatrick-model-September-25-2026/paper.pdf}{OAI:Critical-mixing-in-the-Sherrington-Kirkpatrick-model-September-25-2026}},
  year = {2026}
}

What was formalized in Lean

The following describes the scope of the Lean formalization related to the following accompanying paper(s):

Scope

For every fixed inverse temperature \(0<\beta<1\), the formalization proves a dimension-independent Poincaré inequality for the zero-field Gaussian Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model with probability tending to one over the disorder. Equivalently, the unscaled single-site heat-bath spectral gap stays bounded away from zero. For dynamics that choose one site uniformly at each discrete step, the spectral gap is at least \(1/(Cn)\) with probability tending to one, for a constant \(C\) depending on \(\beta\).

The formalized supporting result proves ratio cutoff for discrete single-site heat-bath dynamics in the zero-field Gaussian Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model for \(0\le\beta<1/2\). For every \(0<\varepsilon<1/2\) and \(\eta>0\), the probability over the disorder that \(t_{\mathrm{mix}}(\varepsilon)/t_{\mathrm{mix}}(1-\varepsilon)>1+\eta\) tends to zero as \(n\to\infty\). The denominator is positive for all sufficiently large sizes.

The paper's full range \(\beta<1\), explicit cutoff location, and continuous-time conclusion are outside this selected statement.

At criticality in the zero-field Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model, the formalization proves that for every fixed \(\varepsilon>0\), the continuous-time mixing time lies between \(n^{2/3-\varepsilon}\) and \(e^{\varepsilon n}\), and the discrete-time mixing count lies between \(n^{5/3-\varepsilon}\) and \(e^{\varepsilon n}\), with probability tending to one over the Gaussian disorder. The disorder has independent off-diagonal entries of variance \(1/n\). Continuous updates have rate one per site; discrete time counts uniformly chosen single-site update attempts. Mixing is worst-start total variation at threshold \(1/4\), with holding allowed.

For deterministic times \(t_n=o(n^{2/3})\) or update counts \(k_n=o(n^{5/3})\), the Gibbs mass of realized starting states still farther than \(1/4\) from equilibrium tends to one in probability. For every deterministic positive sequence \(M_n\to\infty\), the covariance operator norm and the linear Rayleigh supremum, using the unscaled heat-bath Dirichlet form, both lie between \(n^{2/3}/M_n\) and \(M_n n^{2/3}\) with probability tending to one. The covariance result does not give an upper bound for the full inverse spectral gap.

The formalization proves a stretched-exponential mixing obstruction for the zero-field Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model at every fixed inverse temperature \(\beta>1\). At time \(\exp(n^{1/10000})\), the expected Gibbs mass of initial configurations whose total-variation distance from equilibrium exceeds \(1/4\) tends to one. Since this mass lies in \([0,1]\), it also tends to one in probability over the disorder.

The result covers both rate-one-per-site continuous-time heat-bath dynamics and the same stated number of discrete update attempts.

Comparator links

ResultComparator statement
Spectral-gap bound throughout the high-temperature SK phaseSKHighTemperature.lean
Discrete mixing-time ratio cutoff for \(\beta<1/2\)SKRatio.lean
Critical SK mixing boundsCriticalSKMixing.lean
Equilibrium starts, covariance, and mixing lower boundsCriticalSK.lean
Stretched-exponential barriers from typical equilibrium initial statesSKBarriers.lean

Scope note on GitHub →